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The sounds of the island — grouped by how they sound

931 playable recordings, interviews, documentaries and sound tapes from the archive, sorted into nine sonic groupings. Each grouping tells you what to listen for, so the difference between a ska chop and a one drop is something you can hear rather than something you have to take on trust.

SONIC GROUPINGS

Nine ways the island sounds.

Most groupings follow a period of sound — the tempo drop into rocksteady, the machine arriving in 1985. Clash and dubplate is the exception: it is a practice rather than a decade, so a record lands there for what it shows, not for when its artist worked. A recording can sit in more than one.

Deep background

Drum roots

Three Nyabinghi drums in conversation — the bass drum on the downbeat, the funde holding a steady heartbeat pulse, the repeater improvising across the top. Kumina and revival singing work the same way: a fixed pulse with a voice moving freely over it.

35 recordings

1940s–50s

Mento

An acoustic band with no drum kit: banjo, guitar, hand drum and a rhumba box — a big thumb piano the player sits on — plucking the bassline. The lilt leans on the last beat of the bar, which is why mento swings where calypso struts.

27 recordings

1950s–early 60s

Sound-system foundation

American R&B and shuffle boogie played through valve amplifiers and home-built bass bins. The thing to hear is not the song but the system: bass weight the record was never mastered for, and a selector talking over it.

17 recordings

1962–66

Ska

The chop on the offbeat — guitar and piano stabbing the up-strokes between the drums — at a pace close to a run. Horns carry the melody, jazz-schooled and loud, and the bass walks rather than repeats.

43 recordings

1966–79

Rocksteady, reggae and dub

The tempo drops and the bass steps forward as the lead instrument. Count to four: in a one drop there is nothing on beat one, and kick and snare land together on three. Then dub takes the same tape and removes most of it, leaving reverb where the singing was.

218 recordings

1979–90

Dancehall and the digital turn

One riddim under many different voices. After Sleng Teng in 1985 the backing is a machine rather than a band, so the timing is exact and the same instrumental can carry a love song, a boast and a warning in the same session.

187 recordings

1990s

Clash and dubplate

A familiar tune with the words changed — an artist singing a rival sound into the ground and calling your sound by name. These are specials, cut one at a time for one system, and the crowd noise is the scoring.

201 recordings

2000s

Street dance

Records built for a specific move, with the instruction in the lyric. The tempo and the gaps in the beat are shaped around what a body has to do on the floor.

108 recordings

2010s onward

Global and the living archive

Old riddims resurfacing — a Studio One bassline under a new voice, a revival singer reaching back past dancehall to roots. Listen for what is being quoted.

263 recordings

LISTENING — DRUM ROOTS

Drum roots

Three Nyabinghi drums in conversation — the bass drum on the downbeat, the funde holding a steady heartbeat pulse, the repeater improvising across the top. Kumina and revival singing work the same way: a fixed pulse with a voice moving freely over it.

35 recordings Clear filters

The Silvertones - Rejoice Jah Jah Children (1973)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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The Tamlins - Baltimore

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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The Wailing Souls - Things And Time

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Twinkle Brothers - Never Get Burn

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Horace Andy - Skylarking | Official Audio

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Jackie Mittoo - Hot Milk (Hot Milk Riddim) [HD]

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Larry Marshall - Nanny Goat (Nanny Goat Riddim) [HD]

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

Source link ↗

Delphine & Earl 'Chinna' Smith - You're Wondering Now (Official Video)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Official youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

Source link ↗

Jamaica Traditional Folk Forms Quadrille & Maypole

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only

Official youtube upload (channel: Jamaica Information Service (JIS)); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Burning Spear - Marcus Garvey (live on 2 Meter Sessions, 1997)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload (channel: 2 Meter Sessions); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review. Replaces a Universal Music audio upload (FROI6bS5Nvg) that became unavailable.

View transcript · 82 lines

Automatic captions — a machine draft pending editorial review.

  1. 0:03[Music]
  2. 0:17words come
  3. 0:20words come to can't get no good food to
  4. 0:24to can't get no good food to
  5. 0:24to can't get no good food to eat can't get no money to SP
  6. 0:31Can't Get Enough good
  7. 0:35to can't get enough money to
  8. 0:41spend come little let me do what I for
  9. 0:48spend come little let me do what I for you and you and you
  10. 0:52you and you and you
  11. 0:52you and you and you alone come
  12. 0:58is what I can
  13. 1:02for
  14. 1:05[Music]
  15. 1:20[Music] [Applause]
  16. 1:21[Applause]
  17. 1:21[Applause] you you
  18. 1:24you you
  19. 1:24you you got you the right the right the right
  20. 1:27got you the right the right the right
  21. 1:28got you the right the right the right the right the right
  22. 1:31the right the right
  23. 1:31the right the right do right right right right right right I
  24. 1:34do right right right right right right I
  25. 1:34do right right right right right right I tell
  26. 1:36you I beg you to
  27. 1:49[Music]
  28. 2:06where
  29. 2:07where is he no around
  30. 2:13he who gave
  31. 2:21away
  32. 2:22away prop catch them
  33. 2:26prop catch them
  34. 2:26prop catch them [Music]
  35. 2:47words catch them catch them catch them
  36. 2:49words catch them catch them catch them catch
  37. 2:51catch
  38. 2:51catch them you hold them you
  39. 2:56them you hold them you
  40. 2:56them you hold them you hold you catch you catch
  41. 3:01you hold them you hold them
  42. 3:04you hold them you hold them Mar you catch them you catch
  43. 3:08Mar you catch them you catch
  44. 3:08Mar you catch them you catch them marus
  45. 3:13marus marus Mar
  46. 3:16marus marus Mar [Music]
  47. 3:44[Music]
  48. 3:44[Music] you
  49. 3:46you
  50. 3:46you [Music]
  51. 3:52hold you hold you hold
  52. 3:56hold you hold you hold them you you
  53. 4:02[Music]
  54. 4:10you hold them you hold
  55. 4:13you hold them you hold them you C them
  56. 4:18you you all you
  57. 4:22you you all you all you can't them you catch
  58. 4:26all you can't them you catch
  59. 4:26all you can't them you catch them if you hold them you hold them
  60. 4:31you catch them you catch
  61. 4:33you catch them you catch [Music]
  62. 4:48them you
  63. 4:57holdat I
  64. 5:02you all you
  65. 5:05you all you all you can't you
  66. 5:09all you can't you
  67. 5:09all you can't you C you all you
  68. 5:13C you all you
  69. 5:13C you all you all you C
  70. 5:18all you C
  71. 5:18all you C [Music]
  72. 5:20[Music]
  73. 5:20[Music] [Applause]
  74. 5:21[Applause]
  75. 5:21[Applause] [Music]
  76. 5:32[Music]
  77. 5:32[Music] yes
  78. 5:35Mr oh
  79. 5:37Mr oh [Music]
  80. 5:48my oh
  81. 6:07[Music]
  82. 6:13[Music] d
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Peter Tosh — Legalize It (Audio)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Peter Tosh official/Columbia-Legacy YouTube audio reference; discovery-only embed.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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