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The sounds of the island — grouped by how they sound

931 playable recordings, interviews, documentaries and sound tapes from the archive, sorted into nine sonic groupings. Each grouping tells you what to listen for, so the difference between a ska chop and a one drop is something you can hear rather than something you have to take on trust.

SONIC GROUPINGS

Nine ways the island sounds.

Most groupings follow a period of sound — the tempo drop into rocksteady, the machine arriving in 1985. Clash and dubplate is the exception: it is a practice rather than a decade, so a record lands there for what it shows, not for when its artist worked. A recording can sit in more than one.

Deep background

Drum roots

Three Nyabinghi drums in conversation — the bass drum on the downbeat, the funde holding a steady heartbeat pulse, the repeater improvising across the top. Kumina and revival singing work the same way: a fixed pulse with a voice moving freely over it.

35 recordings

1940s–50s

Mento

An acoustic band with no drum kit: banjo, guitar, hand drum and a rhumba box — a big thumb piano the player sits on — plucking the bassline. The lilt leans on the last beat of the bar, which is why mento swings where calypso struts.

27 recordings

1950s–early 60s

Sound-system foundation

American R&B and shuffle boogie played through valve amplifiers and home-built bass bins. The thing to hear is not the song but the system: bass weight the record was never mastered for, and a selector talking over it.

17 recordings

1962–66

Ska

The chop on the offbeat — guitar and piano stabbing the up-strokes between the drums — at a pace close to a run. Horns carry the melody, jazz-schooled and loud, and the bass walks rather than repeats.

43 recordings

1966–79

Rocksteady, reggae and dub

The tempo drops and the bass steps forward as the lead instrument. Count to four: in a one drop there is nothing on beat one, and kick and snare land together on three. Then dub takes the same tape and removes most of it, leaving reverb where the singing was.

218 recordings

1979–90

Dancehall and the digital turn

One riddim under many different voices. After Sleng Teng in 1985 the backing is a machine rather than a band, so the timing is exact and the same instrumental can carry a love song, a boast and a warning in the same session.

187 recordings

1990s

Clash and dubplate

A familiar tune with the words changed — an artist singing a rival sound into the ground and calling your sound by name. These are specials, cut one at a time for one system, and the crowd noise is the scoring.

201 recordings

2000s

Street dance

Records built for a specific move, with the instruction in the lyric. The tempo and the gaps in the beat are shaped around what a body has to do on the floor.

108 recordings

2010s onward

Global and the living archive

Old riddims resurfacing — a Studio One bassline under a new voice, a revival singer reaching back past dancehall to roots. Listen for what is being quoted.

263 recordings

LISTENING — ROCKSTEADY, REGGAE AND DUB

Rocksteady, reggae and dub

The tempo drops and the bass steps forward as the lead instrument. Count to four: in a one drop there is nothing on beat one, and kick and snare land together on three. Then dub takes the same tape and removes most of it, leaving reverb where the singing was.

218 recordings Clear filters

Bob Andy - I've Got To Go Back Home (Studio One 1966)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Carlton & The Shoes - Love Me Forever (Official Audio)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload (channel: Studio One); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Delroy Wilson - Better Must Come (Official Audio)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Errol Dunkley - OK Fred (Official Audio)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Johnny Clarke - None Shall Escape The Judgement (1974)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

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Transcript pending ingestion.

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Pat Kelly - How Long Will It Take (Official Audio, Pama Records)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload (channel: Pama Records); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Slim Smith & The Uniques - My Conversation

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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The Cables - Baby Why (Official Audio)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload (channel: Studio One); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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The Jamaicans - Baba Boom (Treasure Isle, 1967)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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The Techniques - Queen Majesty (Official Audio)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Dennis Alcapone - Guns Don't Argue

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Dillinger - Cokane In My Brain

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

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Dr Alimantado - Born For A Purpose

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

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Prince Far I - Under Heavy Manners

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

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Tapper Zukie - M.P.L.A. + Version

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

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Transcript pending ingestion.

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Marlon Asher - Ganja Farmer (Ganja Farmer Riddim)

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only

Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Sly & Robbie - Taxi Riddim Instrumental

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Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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The Jamaicans - Baba Boom (Ba Ba Boom Riddim) [HD]

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Youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Alton Ellis - I'm Still In Love (With You Girl) | Jet Star Music (Official Audio)

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Official youtube upload (channel: Jet Star Music); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Beres Hammond - Tempted To Touch (Official Audio) | Jet Star

YOUTUBE · rights discovery only · releases

Official youtube upload (channel: Jet Star Music); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

View transcript · 82 lines

Automatic captions — a machine draft pending editorial review.

  1. 0:02[music]
  2. 0:09[music] Yeah.
  3. 0:11[music] Yeah. Yeah.
  4. 0:15Hey, little good girl. [music] Each time
  5. 0:17Hey, little good girl. [music] Each time you pass my way, I'm tempted to touch.
  6. 0:23Wow. Oh, baby.
  7. 0:27Wow. Oh, baby. The dress you wear [music] your perfume
  8. 0:30The dress you wear [music] your perfume
  9. 0:30The dress you wear [music] your perfume keep me wanting you so much.
  10. 0:35keep me wanting you so much.
  11. 0:35keep me wanting you so much. Wow.
  12. 0:37Wow.
  13. 0:37Wow. Now [music] I can't help thinking over
  14. 0:41Now [music] I can't help thinking over
  15. 0:41Now [music] I can't help thinking over you.
  16. 0:43you.
  17. 0:43you. [music]
  18. 0:44[music]
  19. 0:44[music] All the lonely eyes that you put me
  20. 0:48All the lonely eyes that you put me
  21. 0:48All the lonely eyes that you put me through. [music]
  22. 0:51through. [music]
  23. 0:51through. [music] Come on baby, let's sit down. Talk about
  24. 0:55Come on baby, let's sit down. Talk about
  25. 0:55Come on baby, let's sit down. Talk about [music] it. knows the
  26. 1:00hey
  27. 1:02hey [music] vintage w
  28. 1:05[music] vintage w
  29. 1:05[music] vintage w you and I
  30. 1:10[music]
  31. 1:13now I'm going to make sure that this
  32. 1:19love like [music] yours will never leave
  33. 1:22love like [music] yours will never leave me again behind.
  34. 1:25me again behind.
  35. 1:25me again behind. Baby girl [music] each time you pass my
  36. 1:29Baby girl [music] each time you pass my
  37. 1:29Baby girl [music] each time you pass my way
  38. 1:30way
  39. 1:30way to
  40. 1:33to
  41. 1:33to [music]
  42. 1:37the dress you wear your [music] perfume
  43. 1:40the dress you wear your [music] perfume people wanting you so much
  44. 1:45people wanting you so much
  45. 1:45people wanting you so much so much [music]
  46. 1:58>> [music]
  47. 2:00>> [music] >> Now I can't help thinking of you.
  48. 2:05>> Now I can't help thinking of you.
  49. 2:05>> Now I can't help thinking of you. [music]
  50. 2:06[music]
  51. 2:06[music] All the lon [singing]
  52. 2:10me
  53. 2:11me [music]
  54. 2:14each time you pass my way. I'm tempted
  55. 2:17each time you pass my way. I'm tempted to [music] touch
  56. 2:23[music]
  57. 2:25[music] you where your perfume keeping you
  58. 2:29you where your perfume keeping you
  59. 2:29you where your perfume keeping you [music] so much
  60. 2:31[music] so much
  61. 2:31[music] so much so much.
  62. 2:35so much.
  63. 2:35so much. Now I can't help thinking of you.
  64. 2:38Now I can't help thinking of you.
  65. 2:38Now I can't help thinking of you. [music]
  66. 2:41All the lonely nights that you put me
  67. 2:45All the lonely nights that you put me through.
  68. 2:48through.
  69. 2:48through. Come on, baby. [music]
  70. 2:49Come on, baby. [music]
  71. 2:49Come on, baby. [music] Let's sit down. Talk about it. Close the
  72. 2:53Let's sit down. Talk about it. Close the
  73. 2:53Let's sit down. Talk about it. Close the deal.
  74. 2:55deal.
  75. 2:55deal. [music] What's crazy?
  76. 2:58[music] What's crazy?
  77. 2:58[music] What's crazy? Hey, good w [music]
  78. 3:02Hey, good w [music]
  79. 3:02Hey, good w [music] you and I. [singing] It's
  80. 3:07you and I. [singing] It's
  81. 3:07you and I. [singing] It's [music]
  82. 3:10going to make
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Big Ship - Freddie McGregor

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Official spotify upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

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Big Youth - Screaming Target (Official Audio)

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Official youtube upload; embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

View transcript · 107 lines

Automatic captions — a machine draft pending editorial review.

  1. 0:38No, no, no.
  2. 0:42What you say no?
  3. 0:45What you say no? Well, I say yeah.
  4. 0:48Well, I say yeah.
  5. 0:48Well, I say yeah. Cuz you should never say no.
  6. 0:51Cuz you should never say no.
  7. 0:51Cuz you should never say no. And I would do and say yeah.
  8. 0:54And I would do and say yeah.
  9. 0:54And I would do and say yeah. And I bet you don't say no.
  10. 0:58And I bet you don't say no.
  11. 0:58And I bet you don't say no. No, no, no.
  12. 1:02No, no, nothing at all if you would say.
  13. 1:06No, no, nothing at all if you would say. Come on down and let me
  14. 1:07Come on down and let me
  15. 1:07Come on down and let me hear what you say.
  16. 1:10hear what you say.
  17. 1:10hear what you say. And when you come to say
  18. 1:13And when you come to say
  19. 1:13And when you come to say to the show,
  20. 1:14to the show,
  21. 1:14to the show, to the show, to the show, yeah.
  22. 1:16to the show, to the show, yeah.
  23. 1:16to the show, to the show, yeah. Baby, come and say to you who may.
  24. 1:21And when you do it that,
  25. 1:23And when you do it that, look at that.
  26. 1:25look at that.
  27. 1:25look at that. When you do that, that would be great.
  28. 1:28When you do that, that would be great.
  29. 1:28When you do that, that would be great. Baby, baby,
  30. 1:30Baby, baby,
  31. 1:30Baby, baby, great.
  32. 1:33Baby, that you would appreciate.
  33. 1:38Baby, come on down and don't you be a
  34. 1:40Baby, come on down and don't you be a two and a little late.
  35. 1:44Baby, the rating is a thing that things
  36. 1:46Baby, the rating is a thing that things you go away with.
  37. 1:48you go away with.
  38. 1:48you go away with. You got to go and come.
  39. 1:51You got to go and come.
  40. 1:51You got to go and come. No, no, no.
  41. 1:54No, no, no.
  42. 1:54No, no, no. You should never be a fool.
  43. 1:56You should never be a fool.
  44. 1:56You should never be a fool. No, no, no, not at all.
  45. 2:00No, no, no, not at all.
  46. 2:00No, no, no, not at all. No, no, no, you should go to school and
  47. 2:02No, no, no, you should go to school and
  48. 2:02No, no, no, you should go to school and learn the rules.
  49. 2:04learn the rules.
  50. 2:04learn the rules. A little racy clauses all around as I
  51. 2:07A little racy clauses all around as I
  52. 2:07A little racy clauses all around as I would say.
  53. 2:09would say.
  54. 2:09would say. So you can go to a little red place.
  55. 2:13So you can go to a little red place.
  56. 2:13So you can go to a little red place. And so you can come together
  57. 2:15And so you can come together
  58. 2:15And so you can come together and civilize.
  59. 2:17and civilize.
  60. 2:17and civilize. Why baby won't you come on realize I
  61. 2:20Why baby won't you come on realize I
  62. 2:20Why baby won't you come on realize I would
  63. 2:21would
  64. 2:21would exactly what I mean.
  65. 2:23exactly what I mean.
  66. 2:23exactly what I mean. Ah!
  67. 2:25Ah!
  68. 2:25Ah! Huh!
  69. 2:27Huh!
  70. 2:27Huh! And I would really really tell you.
  71. 2:29And I would really really tell you.
  72. 2:29And I would really really tell you. You know.
  73. 2:31You know.
  74. 2:31You know. And I would really really
  75. 2:32And I would really really
  76. 2:33And I would really really say.
  77. 2:34say.
  78. 2:34say. Since you
  79. 2:37Tell you.
  80. 2:41I know.
  81. 2:43No, no.
  82. 2:47I want you to appreciate.
  83. 2:52Yeah.
  84. 2:53Yeah. And so my girl
  85. 2:55And so my girl
  86. 2:55And so my girl I want you to come on down and you could
  87. 2:57I want you to come on down and you could
  88. 2:57I want you to come on down and you could never
  89. 2:58never
  90. 2:58never Some of you could never understand as I
  91. 3:00Some of you could never understand as I
  92. 3:00Some of you could never understand as I would say.
  93. 3:03Wait.
  94. 3:05Wait. Yeah.
  95. 3:09Wait.
  96. 3:10Wait. Yeah, yeah.
  97. 3:11Yeah, yeah.
  98. 3:11Yeah, yeah. Yeah.
  99. 3:20And so on the top of the world
  100. 3:23And so on the top of the world baby got to move the world and I would
  101. 3:26baby got to move the world and I would
  102. 3:26baby got to move the world and I would No.
  103. 3:28And I would really really tell you,
  104. 3:30And I would really really tell you, girl.
  105. 3:31girl.
  106. 3:31girl. Oh, baby.
  107. 3:34Huh!
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Bob Marley & The Wailers - "Simmer Down" [Official Audio]

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Official youtube upload (channel: Bob Marley); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

Transcript pending ingestion.

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Bob Marley & The Wailers - One Love / People Get Ready (Audio)

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Official youtube upload (channel: Bob Marley (UMG)); embedded as a discovery-only reference pending editorial review.

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